το παιδι ερχεται στον κοσμο μαζι με ενα δωρο, τα βλαστικα κυτταρα. η φυλαξη τους ειναι μια πραξη προνοιας.
Τα βλαστικά κύτταρα που περιέχει το αίμα του ομφάλιου λώρου,αν διατηρηθούν, μπορεί να συμβάλλουν στην διατήρηση της υγείας του παιδιού ή ακόμα και να του σώσουν τη ζωή. Η κρυοσυντήρηση βλαστικών κυττάρων σε σταθερές συνθήκες υγρού αζώτου επιτρέπει τη φύλαξη τους πρακτικά επ'άπειρον και τα καθιστά έτοιμα προς χρήση οποιαδήποτε χρονική στιγμή αυτά χρειαστούν.
Το αιμα που κυκλοφορει στα αγγεια του ομφαλιου λωρου δεν ειναι η μονη πηγη βλαστοκυτταρων
Κατα τη γέννηση μπορεί κανείς να φυλάξει επιπλέον βλαστοκύτταρα με αποστράγγιση του πλακούντα,ή να απομονώσει βλαστοκύτταρα απο το σώμα του ομφάλιου λώρου. Μετά τη γέννηση, βλαστοκύτταρα μπορούν να απομονωθούν απο τα πρώτα δόντια,το λίπος αλλα και απο οποιονδήποτε άλλο ιστό, αυτα όμως διαφέρουν απο τα βλαστοκύτταρα του ομφαλικού αίματος
Σημερα τα βλαστοκυτταρα μπορουν να χρησιμοποιηθουν για να θεραπευσουν περισσοτερες απο 70 κακοηθεις ή γεννετικες ασθενειες
Περισσότερα απο 8.000 περιστατικά μεταμόσχευσης βλαστικών κυττάρων του ομφαλίου λώρου έχουν αναφερθεί σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο για τη θεραπεία ασθενειών του αίματος. Σε κλινικές μελέτες δοκιμάζονται με επιτυχία στη θεραπεία του νεανικού διαβήτη, της καρδιακής ανεπάρκειας μετά απο έμφραγμα και στην εγκεφαλική παράλυση.
στη χωρα μας λειτουργουν ιδιωτικες και δημοσιες τραπεζες φυλαξης βλαστοκυτταρων
Το αντικείμενο λειτουργίας της δημόσιας τράπεζας είναι διαφορετικό απο αυτό της ιδιωτικής. Η δημόσια τράπεζα ασχολείται μόνο με αλλογενή μεταμόσχευση ενω η ιδιωτική με την αυτόλογη και την αλλογενή αλλα μέσα στην οικογένεια.
Κυριακή 30 Δεκεμβρίου 2012
TA ΝΕΑΡΑ ΒΛΑΣΤΟΚΥΤΤΑΡΑ ΕΙΝΑΙ ΠΟΛΥ ΠΙΟ ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΜΑΤΙΚΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΑ ΕΝΗΛΙΚΑ-ΜΕΘΟΔΟΙ ΑΝΑΖΩΟΓΟΝΗΣΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΕΝΗΛΙΚΩΝ ΒΛΑΣΤΟΚΥΤΤΑΡΩΝ
STEM CELL TRANSPLANT BOOSTS FUNCTION SLIGHTLY IN PARKISON'S MONKEY
The cell transplants didn’t cure the macaques, but did improve motor skills in the animals and appeared to do so safely, the scientists wrote Monday in the Journal of Clinical Investigation — suggesting that stem cells from bone marrow might someday be a useful source for treatments of Parkinson’s in humans.
“To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show restoration of dopaminergic function and motor behaviors in parkinsonian primate animals” after treatment with stem cell-derived neurons, they wrote.
Stem cells are early-stage precursor cells that develop into the mature cells in the body. Scientists have long hoped to learn how to use them to replace cells and tissues damaged by accident or disease.
Parkinson’s has seemed like a good candidate for stem cell-derived therapies because people with the disorder have lost cells in the brain, or neurons, that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine. (For more about Parkinson’s read this page from the NIH’s National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.) If stem cells could be coaxed to develop into healthy, functioning dopaminergic neurons and then introduced into the brain, the thinking goes, perhaps patients could get relief from tremors, loss of balance and other debilitating Parkinson’s symptoms.
The Japanese team, led by Takuya Hayashi of the RIKEN Center for Molecular Imaging Science in Kobe, Japan, conducted its research on a group of 10 adult macaque monkeys. They induced Parkinson’s disease on the left side of the animals’ bodies.
They removed bone marrow from the hip bonesof the macaques, isolating so-called mesenchymal stem cells — the same type of cells that are sometimes harvested to treat patients with leukemia. (While mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate to become a variety of different types of cells including bone, cartilage and fat, they are not the same as embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells, which can develop into any type of cell in the body.) The team used a previously reported method to turn the mesenchymal stem cells into dopamine-producing neurons.
Hayashi and his colleagues studied the neurons they created in the lab to assure that they were indeed dopamine-producing, and then administered treated cells to five of the monkeys. Each of the five monkeys received cells derived from his own bone marrow. The remaining monkeys received sham treatments.
Animals who received the cell treatments had improved motor function, the team reported. What’s more, through the use of PET scans and postmortem tissue analysis, the researchers determined that the implanted neurons continued producing small amounts of dopamine for at least nine months. The monkeys did not develop tumors, always a concern with stem-cell based therapies. Because the cells came from the monkeys’ own bone marrow, tissue rejection wasn’t an issue either. And the stem cells' origin in mature animals — not fetuses — sidestepped availability issues and ethical considerations involved in using fetal tissue, the scientists wrote.
Before the treatment might be considered appropriate for humans, they said, further studies will be needed to improve the viability of the cells once implanted, and to boost their therapeutic effect. But, they added, the approach “may expand the availability of cell sources for cell-based therapies for patients with Parkinson’s disease.”
Σάββατο 8 Δεκεμβρίου 2012
Τα βλαστοκύτταρα του ομφαλοπλακουντιακού αίματος στη θεραπεία του διαβήτη
Cord blood used to prevent diabetes
Cord blood, which is rich in immune cells and stem cells, has been a valuable resource for treating medical conditions including leukaemia.
Researchers from The Children's Hospital at Westmead in Sydney will investigate whether cord blood can prevent the destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, caused by an autoimmune process.
"We believe that regulatory T cells, found in cord blood, can actually stop this immune destruction in the pancreas and protect the child from developing diabetes," said Associate Professor Maria Craig from the hospital's Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes.
"Research is only just starting to unlock the potential for cord blood, with its potent mix of valuable cells, to help manage a variety of disease states.
"Type 1 diabetes is an extremely challenging condition so we are very excited at the prospect of assessing the potential role for cord blood, notably its safety and practicality, in preventing the onset of this disease," she said.
The five-year study will use children's own cord blood collected from the umbilical cord and placenta at birth and stored in a private cord blood bank.
Up to 600 participants will be screened and about 20 will have cord blood reinfused.
The study, funded by cord blood bank Cell Care Australia, will focus on children aged one to 12 years whose cord blood has been stored and who have a close relative with type 1 diabetes .
Source:http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/breaking-news/cord-blood-used-to-prevent-diabetes/story-fn3dxiwe-1226529512874
Η ΕΠΙΠΤΩΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΚΑΘΥΣΤΕΡΗΜΕΝΗΣ Ή ΠΡΩΪΜΗΣ ΔΙΑΤΟΜΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΟΜΦΑΛΙΟΥ ΛΩΡΟΥ ΣΤΗΝ ΥΓΕΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΝΕΟΓΝΩΝ - ΝΕΟΤΕΡΑ ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ
Δευτέρα 3 Δεκεμβρίου 2012
Stem cell discovery may revive damaged heart
The breakthrough may enable scientists to create such life giving patches from a patient`s own stem cells - regardless of the patient`s age - while avoiding the threat of rejection, the study claims
Radisic and Li first create a "micro-environment" that allows heart tissue to grow, with stem cells donated from elderly patients at the Toronto General Hospital, where Li works.
Li and his team then tracked the molecular changes in the tissue patch cells. "We saw certain aging factors turned off," states Li, citing the levels of two molecules in particular, p16 and (regucalcin) RGN, which effectively turned back the clock in the cells, returning them to robust and states.
"It`s very exciting research," says Radisic, who was named one of the top innovators under 35 by MIT in 2008 and winner of the 2012 Young Engineers Canada award.
Source: http://zeenews.india.com/news/health/health-news/stem-cell-discovery-may-revive-damaged-heart_19799.html
Different organ-derived stem cell injections improve heart function in rats
The study, carried out by researchers at Oslo University Hospital and the Norwegian Center for Stem cell Research, Oslo University, sought to determine if MSCs from different organs would result in different functional outcomes.
"Despite advances in revascularization and medical therapy, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure are still important causes of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries," said study co-author Dr. Jan E. Brinchmann of the Norwegian center for Stem Cell Research at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo.
"AMI leads to a permanent loss of contractile elements in the heart and the formation of fibrous scarring. Regeneration of contractile myocardium has been a target of cell therapy for more than a decade," he added.
According to Dr. Brinchmann, MSCs tolerate hypoxia, secrete angiogenic factors and have been shown to improve vascularization; thus, they have properties suggesting that they may beneficially impact AMI, chronic heart failure and angina pectoris after cell transplantation.
Following injection into the "border zone" and infarct area of immunodeficient rats one week after induced myocardial infarction, the researchers used echocardiography to measure myocardial function and other analyses to measure the size of scaring, density of blood vessels in the scar, and the health of myocardial tissues.
"Our results showed that intramyocardial injection of both ADSCs and SM-MSCs one week after AMI led to a substantial decrease in infarct size and a significant improvement in left ventricle function when compared with injections of cell culture medium alone," concluded the researchers.
"There was a trend toward better functional improvement in the SM-MSC group when compared to the ADSC group, but this did not reach significance," they added.
They concluded that many questions remain unanswered, including the question of whether MSCs isolated from different organisms could result in different functional outcomes.
Other unanswered questions relate to the optimal time delay between the onset of myocardial infarction and injection of MSCs. These cells do, however, still appear to be "a potentially interesting adjuvant treatment modality for selected patients following acute myocardial infarction," they concluded.
The study has been published in the current issue of Cell Transplantation. (ANI)
Source: http://www.newstrackindia.com/newsdetails/2012/11/28/378-Different-organ-derived-stem-cell-injections-improve-heart-function-in-rats.html